Adults ages 50 to 64 can access a wide range of government benefits before becoming eligible for Medicare at age 65. The most significant programs include ACA Marketplace health insurance with premium subsidies, Medicaid (in expansion states), SNAP food assistance, LIHEAP energy assistance, SSDI disability benefits, and the Earned Income Tax Credit. Eligibility depends on income, household size, and state of residence. Check which programs you may qualify for using our free screening tool.
What Government Benefits Are Available to Adults Ages 50 to 64?
If you are between 50 and 64 years old, you fall into a unique gap: too young for Medicare but often facing rising healthcare costs and other financial pressures. The good news is that multiple federal and state programs exist to help. Here is a complete overview of the major programs available to you.
| Program | What It Provides | Who Qualifies |
|---|---|---|
| ACA Marketplace Insurance | Subsidized health coverage | Individuals earning up to 400% FPL (or higher with enhanced subsidies) |
| Medicaid | Free or low-cost health coverage | Adults earning up to 138% FPL in expansion states |
| SNAP | Monthly food benefits | Households meeting income and asset tests |
| LIHEAP | Help paying heating and cooling bills | Low-income households, priority for elderly |
| Lifeline | Discounted phone or internet service | Individuals at or below 135% FPL |
| SSDI | Monthly disability payments | Workers with qualifying disabilities and work history |
| SSI | Monthly income for disabled or aged | Individuals with limited income and resources |
| EITC | Tax refund or credit | Low-to-moderate income workers |
How Do ACA Marketplace Subsidies Work for Adults Under 65?
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) Marketplace is the primary source of health insurance for adults ages 50 to 64 who do not have employer coverage. Premium tax credits reduce your monthly cost based on income, and cost-sharing reductions lower out-of-pocket expenses for silver-tier plans.
ACA Subsidy Income Limits (2025/2026 Estimates, 48 Contiguous States)
| Household Size | 100% FPL | 150% FPL | 250% FPL | 400% FPL |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | $15,060 | $22,590 | $37,650 | $60,240 |
| 2 | $20,440 | $30,660 | $51,100 | $81,760 |
| 3 | $25,820 | $38,730 | $64,550 | $103,280 |
| 4 | $31,200 | $46,800 | $78,000 | $124,800 |
Note: Federal Poverty Level (FPL) guidelines are updated each January. These figures are approximate and based on 2025 guidelines. Verify current numbers at Healthcare.gov or through our free screener.
Key facts for the 50 to 64 age group:
- Without subsidies, premiums for older adults can be up to 3 times higher than for younger enrollees under ACA age-rating rules.
- Premium tax credits cap your costs as a percentage of income, which often makes coverage affordable even with higher base premiums.
- Enhanced subsidies (originally from the American Rescue Plan) have been extended and may continue to limit premiums. Check current availability for the latest plan year.
- Open Enrollment typically runs from November 1 through January 15. Special Enrollment Periods are available after qualifying life events such as job loss, divorce, or a move.
How to Apply for ACA Marketplace Coverage
- Visit Healthcare.gov or your state marketplace website.
- Create an account and complete an application with income and household details.
- Compare plans and check your estimated subsidy amount.
- Select a plan and enroll.
- Pay your first monthly premium to activate coverage.
Can Adults Ages 50 to 64 Get Medicaid?
Yes, in states that expanded Medicaid under the ACA, adults ages 50 to 64 with household income at or below 138% of the Federal Poverty Level generally qualify for Medicaid. This provides comprehensive health coverage with little to no cost.
Medicaid Income Limits for Adults (2025/2026 Estimates)
| Household Size | Expansion States (138% FPL) | Non-Expansion States |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Approximately $20,783 | Varies; many non-disabled adults do not qualify |
| 2 | Approximately $28,208 | Varies by state |
| 3 | Approximately $35,632 | Varies by state |
| 4 | Approximately $43,056 | Varies by state |
As of early 2026, most states have expanded Medicaid. A small number of states have not expanded, which may leave some adults in a coverage gap. Use our screener to check your state.
Important notes:
- Medicaid eligibility is determined by your state, and some states use different income thresholds or program names (such as Medi-Cal in California or MassHealth in Massachusetts).
- In non-expansion states, adults without children or a qualifying disability may not be eligible for Medicaid regardless of income.
- You can apply for Medicaid at any time; there is no limited enrollment period.
What Is SNAP and How Do Adults 50 to 64 Qualify?
The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly known as food stamps) provides monthly benefits on an EBT card to help buy groceries. Adults ages 50 to 59 who are able-bodied and without dependents may face work requirements in some states, though many states have waivers. Adults 60 and older are exempt from work requirements.
SNAP Income Limits (Federal Guidelines, Fiscal Year 2025/2026)
| Household Size | Gross Monthly Income (130% FPL) | Net Monthly Income (100% FPL) | Maximum Monthly Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Approximately $1,632 | Approximately $1,255 | Approximately $292 |
| 2 | Approximately $2,214 | Approximately $1,705 | Approximately $536 |
| 3 | Approximately $2,795 | Approximately $2,150 | Approximately $768 |
| 4 | Approximately $3,377 | Approximately $2,596 | Approximately $975 |
Benefit amounts and income limits are adjusted annually. Figures shown are estimates. Verify with your state SNAP office or check your eligibility.
How to Apply for SNAP
- Contact your local Department of Social Services or visit your state's SNAP application website.
- Complete the application with income, expense, and household information.
- Attend an interview (phone or in-person, depending on your state).
- Provide verification documents (ID, proof of income, housing costs).
- Receive your determination, typically within 30 days. Expedited processing (within 7 days) is available for households with very low income or resources.
What Energy and Utility Assistance Is Available?
LIHEAP (Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program)
LIHEAP helps low-income households pay heating and cooling bills. Adults ages 50 to 64 may qualify based on income, and many states give priority to households with elderly members (typically 60 and older) or members with disabilities.
- Income limits vary by state but generally range from 150% to 200% of FPL, or 60% of state median income.
- Benefits are typically a one-time payment made directly to your utility company.
- Apply through your local Community Action Agency or state LIHEAP office. Most states accept applications during the heating season (fall through spring).
Lifeline Program
The Lifeline program provides a monthly discount (typically around $9.25) on phone or internet service for qualifying low-income households.
- You may qualify if your income is at or below 135% FPL, or if you participate in Medicaid, SNAP, SSI, Federal Public Housing Assistance, or Veterans Pension and Survivors Benefit.
- Apply through your phone or internet provider, or at LifelineSupport.org.
Can Adults Ages 50 to 64 Get Disability Benefits?
Yes. Two federal programs provide income for people with qualifying disabilities, regardless of age (as long as you are under 65 for initial SSI claims or meet SSDI criteria).
SSDI vs. SSI Comparison
| Feature | SSDI | SSI |
|---|---|---|
| Based on | Work history and payroll tax contributions | Financial need |
| Income/asset test | No income limit (based on disability) | Limited income and resources (generally under $2,000 in assets for individuals) |
| Monthly benefit (2025) | Average approximately $1,580; maximum approximately $3,822 | Maximum approximately $967 for individuals |
| Medicare eligibility | After 24 months of SSDI payments | Medicaid in most states |
| Work requirements | Must have enough work credits | No work history required |
Benefit amounts are adjusted annually for cost of living. Verify current amounts at ssa.gov.
How to Apply for SSDI or SSI
- Gather medical records, work history, and financial documents.
- Apply online at ssa.gov, by phone at 1-800-772-1213, or at your local Social Security office.
- The review process typically takes 3 to 6 months.
- If denied, you have 60 days to appeal. Many initial claims are denied and later approved on appeal.
What Tax Credits Are Available to Adults 50 to 64?
Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)
The EITC provides a refundable tax credit to low-and-moderate-income workers. For 2025 tax year filing, workers without qualifying children can receive a smaller but still meaningful credit.
| Filing Status | No Children | 1 Child | 2 Children | 3+ Children |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maximum Credit (approx.) | $632 | $4,213 | $6,960 | $7,830 |
| Income Limit, Single (approx.) | $18,591 | $49,084 | $55,768 | $59,899 |
EITC amounts adjust annually for inflation. Figures shown are estimates based on recent tax years.
Saver's Credit
Adults contributing to a retirement account (IRA or 401k) may qualify for the Saver's Credit, worth up to $1,000 ($2,000 for married couples filing jointly). Income limits apply, generally capping eligibility at around $38,250 for single filers and $76,500 for joint filers (adjusted annually).
Are There Other Programs for Adults 50 to 64?
Yes. Several additional programs may be available depending on your circumstances:
- Workforce training: The Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) funds job training and employment services for adults, with priority for those over 55 through the Senior Community Service Employment Program (SCSEP).
- Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP): Provides free home energy efficiency upgrades to qualifying low-income households.
- State pharmaceutical assistance programs: Some states offer prescription drug discount programs for residents who are not yet eligible for Medicare Part D.
- Veterans benefits: Veterans ages 50 to 64 may qualify for VA health care, disability compensation, and pension benefits regardless of Medicare status.
- Housing assistance: Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers and public housing are available to low-income individuals, though waitlists can be long.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the most important benefit to apply for first?
Health insurance coverage should be your top priority. If your income qualifies you for Medicaid, apply immediately since there is no enrollment deadline. If you earn too much for Medicaid, enroll in an ACA Marketplace plan during Open Enrollment or a Special Enrollment Period. Use our screener to find out which option fits your situation.
Can I get benefits if I am still working?
Yes. Many government benefits are available to working adults. ACA subsidies, SNAP, EITC, and Lifeline all have income limits that include working households. SSDI has specific rules about substantial gainful activity, but part-time or limited work may still be allowed.
How do I know which programs I qualify for?
The fastest way is to use our free eligibility screener, which checks your eligibility for 11 or more programs based on your income, household size, and state of residence. Results take just a few minutes.
What happens to my benefits when I turn 65?
At age 65, you become eligible for Medicare, which replaces your ACA Marketplace coverage or Medicaid (in most cases). SNAP, LIHEAP, Lifeline, SSI, and other non-health programs continue as long as you meet their requirements. SSDI automatically converts to Social Security retirement benefits at full retirement age.
Do I need to report changes in income or household size?
Yes. Most programs require you to report changes in income, household composition, and other circumstances. Failing to report changes could result in overpayments that you may need to repay, or underpayments that shortchange your benefits.
Next Steps
Finding the right combination of government benefits before Medicare can save you thousands of dollars each year in healthcare costs, food expenses, and utility bills. The key is knowing what you qualify for and applying promptly.
Use our free benefits screener to check your eligibility for all available programs in just a few minutes. No personal information is stored, and results are instant.
