Victims of mass shootings and mass violence can access multiple layers of financial assistance, starting with their state's Crime Victim Compensation (CVC) program, which covers medical bills, counseling, lost wages, and funeral expenses. Every state operates its own CVC program, and victims do not need to meet income requirements to qualify. Additional federal, state, and nonprofit programs can provide further support for housing, food, disability, and long-term recovery.
If you or a loved one has been affected by a mass shooting, check your eligibility for all available benefits in just a few minutes.
What Is Crime Victim Compensation and How Does It Help Mass Shooting Victims?
Crime Victim Compensation (CVC) is a government program available in all 50 states, Washington D.C., and U.S. territories. It reimburses victims of violent crime for out-of-pocket expenses directly related to the crime. CVC is the primary financial resource for mass shooting victims and their families.
What Expenses Does CVC Cover?
| Expense Category | Typical Coverage |
|---|---|
| Medical and hospital bills | Yes, including emergency and ongoing care |
| Mental health counseling | Yes, for victims and family members |
| Funeral and burial costs | Yes, typically up to a state-set maximum |
| Lost wages | Yes, when injury prevents working |
| Rehabilitation costs | Yes, physical and occupational therapy |
| Relocation expenses | Some states cover this |
| Travel to medical appointments | Some states cover this |
| Crime scene cleanup | Some states cover this |
How Much Can Victims Receive Through CVC?
Maximum CVC benefit amounts vary significantly by state. Here are examples from selected states:
| State | Maximum CVC Benefit |
|---|---|
| California | Up to $70,000 (mass violence events) |
| Texas | Up to $50,000 |
| New York | Up to $30,000 (no cap for essential medical) |
| Florida | Up to $25,000 |
| Massachusetts | Up to $25,000 |
| Illinois | Up to $27,000 |
| Ohio | Up to $50,000 |
| Pennsylvania | Up to $35,000 |
Note: These amounts reflect general program limits and may vary. Some states raise or waive caps for mass violence events. Contact your state's victim compensation program for current figures.
Who Is Eligible for CVC After a Mass Shooting?
Eligibility requirements are set by each state but generally include:
- Direct victims who were physically injured
- Witnesses who suffered psychological trauma
- Family members of deceased victims
- Individuals who paid for a victim's medical or funeral expenses
- First responders in some states
Key point: CVC programs do not have income limits. Victims at any income level may apply. However, CVC is typically a "payer of last resort," meaning it covers costs not paid by insurance or other sources.
What Federal Programs Help Mass Shooting Victims?
Antiterrorism and Emergency Assistance Program (AEAP)
The Department of Justice Office for Victims of Crime (OVC) administers the AEAP, which provides emergency funding after incidents of mass violence. The OVC can allocate funds from the Crime Victims Fund to support:
- Crisis response and immediate victim services
- Supplemental crime victim compensation payments
- Criminal justice support for affected jurisdictions
- Long-term community recovery efforts
AEAP funding goes to state agencies and victim service organizations rather than directly to individuals. After a mass violence event, the affected jurisdiction can request AEAP assistance from the OVC.
Victims of Crime Act (VOCA) Funding
VOCA provides federal grants to state victim compensation programs. The federal government matches approximately 75% of state compensation payments, which helps ensure that state CVC programs remain funded to assist victims. VOCA also funds victim assistance programs that provide direct services like crisis counseling, shelter, and legal advocacy.
Can Mass Shooting Victims Get Disability Benefits?
Yes. Victims who suffer long-term physical injuries or develop conditions like PTSD that prevent them from working may qualify for Social Security disability benefits.
SSDI vs. SSI for Mass Shooting Survivors
| Feature | SSDI | SSI |
|---|---|---|
| Based on | Work history and payroll taxes | Financial need |
| Income/asset limits | No income limit to qualify | Limited income and assets (approximately $2,000 individual, $3,000 couple in countable resources) |
| Monthly benefit (2026) | Based on earnings record | Check with SSA for current maximum federal benefit |
| Medicare/Medicaid | Medicare after 24-month waiting period | Medicaid in most states |
| Qualifying conditions | Physical injuries, PTSD, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury | Same conditions apply |
To qualify, your condition must be expected to last at least 12 months or result in death, and it must prevent you from performing substantial gainful activity.
What Other Government Benefits Can Shooting Victims Access?
Mass shooting victims and their families may qualify for a range of additional programs, especially if the incident caused job loss, disability, or financial hardship.
Medicaid
Victims who lose employer health coverage or whose income drops due to injury may qualify for Medicaid. Medicaid covers medical care, mental health treatment, prescription drugs, and rehabilitation services. In states that have expanded Medicaid, adults with income up to 138% of the Federal Poverty Level generally qualify. In non-expansion states, eligibility rules are more restrictive.
Check if you qualify for Medicaid and other health coverage.
SNAP (Food Assistance)
Families facing financial hardship after a mass violence event may qualify for SNAP benefits. Eligibility is generally based on household income at or below 130% of the Federal Poverty Level for gross income. Benefits help cover food costs during recovery.
LIHEAP (Utility Assistance)
If a victim or family member cannot work and is struggling with energy bills, LIHEAP provides heating and cooling assistance. Eligibility thresholds vary by state but are typically set between 150% and 200% of the Federal Poverty Level or 60% of state median income.
2026 Federal Poverty Level Reference (48 Contiguous States)
| Household Size | 100% FPL | 138% FPL (Medicaid) | 200% FPL |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Check healthcare.gov for current figures | - | - |
| 2 | - | - | - |
| 3 | - | - | - |
| 4 | - | - | - |
FPL figures are updated annually in January. Visit healthcare.gov or use our screener for current thresholds based on your household.
How to Apply for Mass Shooting Victim Benefits: Step by Step
Step 1: File a Police Report
Most CVC programs require that the crime was reported to law enforcement. In mass violence events, this is typically handled automatically, but confirm with your state program.
Step 2: Contact Your State Victim Compensation Program
Find your state's program through the OVC directory at ovc.ojp.gov. A victim advocate can help you file your application and navigate the process.
Step 3: Gather Documentation
Collect the following:
- Medical bills and records
- Counseling and therapy receipts
- Proof of lost wages (pay stubs, employer letter)
- Funeral expense receipts (if applicable)
- Insurance explanation of benefits (EOB) statements
Step 4: Submit Your Application
Applications are free, and you do not need a lawyer. Many states offer online submission. Filing deadlines vary by state, typically ranging from one to three years after the crime, though many states extend or waive deadlines for mass violence events.
Step 5: Check Eligibility for Additional Programs
While your CVC application is processing, use our free benefits screener to check your eligibility for Medicaid, SNAP, SSDI/SSI, LIHEAP, and other assistance programs. You may qualify for multiple forms of help.
Step 6: Connect With Victim Advocacy Organizations
Nonprofits and community organizations often provide additional support after mass violence events, including:
- Emergency financial assistance
- Pro bono legal services
- Long-term mental health support
- Housing assistance
- Peer support networks
What Nonprofit and Community Resources Exist for Mass Shooting Victims?
Several national organizations provide direct support:
| Organization | Services Provided |
|---|---|
| National Center for Victims of Crime | Referrals, advocacy, information |
| Everytown Survivor Network | Peer support, resources for gun violence survivors |
| Victims of Crime Act (VOCA) funded local agencies | Crisis counseling, legal help, court accompaniment |
| American Red Cross | Emergency shelter, immediate crisis support |
| Local community foundations | Emergency funds specific to the incident |
After major mass violence events, dedicated victim funds are often established to collect and distribute donations directly to victims and families.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need to meet income requirements to get crime victim compensation?
No. Crime Victim Compensation programs do not have income limits. Any victim of a qualifying violent crime can apply, regardless of income level. However, CVC is typically a secondary payer, covering costs not reimbursed by insurance or other sources.
Can family members of mass shooting victims receive benefits?
Yes. Surviving family members of deceased victims can apply for CVC to cover funeral and burial expenses, counseling costs, and lost financial support. Spouses, children, parents, and sometimes other dependents are eligible in most states.
What if the shooter dies or is never caught?
CVC benefits do not depend on the offender being arrested, charged, or convicted. Victims can receive compensation regardless of the outcome of any criminal case.
How long do I have to apply for victim compensation?
Filing deadlines vary by state, typically one to three years after the crime. However, many states extend or waive these deadlines for mass violence events. Contact your state program as soon as possible to confirm your deadline.
Can undocumented immigrants receive victim compensation?
Many states do not require applicants to prove citizenship or immigration status. Some states have specific policies allowing undocumented victims to access compensation. Check with your state's program or a victim advocate for guidance.
Can I receive both victim compensation and file a civil lawsuit?
Generally yes, but there are important considerations. If you receive a settlement or judgment in a civil case, your state CVC program may seek reimbursement for benefits already paid. Consult a victim rights attorney for advice on your specific situation.
What mental health services are available for mass shooting survivors?
CVC programs cover mental health counseling for victims, witnesses, and family members. Additionally, SAMHSA (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration) operates a disaster distress helpline at 1-800-985-5990 and can coordinate crisis counseling after mass violence events. Many communities also receive federal grants for long-term mental health services following these incidents.
Mass shooting victims and their families deserve every available resource during recovery. Benefits programs exist at the federal, state, and local level to help with medical costs, mental health care, lost income, and daily living expenses. Start by checking what you qualify for with our free screener, and reach out to your state's victim compensation program as soon as possible.
